Objective To examine the changes from a combined exercise intervention after radical prostatectomy (RP) in elderly patients with prostate cancer, because randomized controlled trials addressing exercise intervention after RP have been lacking. Methods From May 2009 to May 2010, all patients who underwent laparoscopic RP were assessed for eligibility. A total of 66 patients were randomized to an exercise or a control group. The exercise group received a combined exercise intervention (resistance, flexibility, and Kegel exercises) twice …

Backgrounds: There has been no prospective study to investigate the effect of nutritional support for advanced cancer patients in inpatient hospices. Therefore, we conducted a prospective observational study to explore the feasibility of investigating the effect of nutritional support for advanced cancer patients in an inpatient hospice. Methods: We prospectively collected the following data: performance status, results of blood tests, calorie and protein intake, body weight, skeletal muscle mass, and Functional Assessment of …

Background: In previous our phase III study to compare perioperative standard diet with or without Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)-enriched oral nutritional supplement (EPA-ON), additional EPA-ON did not contribute to prevent body weight loss after total gastrectomy. This report clarified whether EPA-ON could prevent loss of lean body mass (LBM) after total gastrectomy, a key secondary endpoint, in our phase III trial. Methods: This phase III study was designed as multicenter, open-label, superiority, randomized trial to confirm the …

This cross-sectional study compares the muscle mass, core strength and physical fragility of patients recently diagnosed with colorectal cancer (pRD-CRC) with those of healthy subjects and identifies variables to be considered when designing pre-treatment physical interventions for such patients. Body composition, anthropometric variables, the muscle architecture of the lumbopelvic region, physical fitness and frailty were assessed in 32 pRD-CRC and 29 healthy control subjects. The patients showed a reduction in muscle mass (F …

The accuracy of the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in cancer patients is very important for dose adjustments of anti-malignancy drugs to reduce toxicities and enhance therapeutic outcomes. Therefore, the performance of eGFR equations, including their bias, precision, and accuracy, was explored in patients with varying stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) who needed anti-cancer drugs. The reference glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was assessed by the 99m Tc-diethylene triamine penta-acetic acid (99m Tc-DTPA) plasma …

Background/Aim: High-carbohydrate diets are generally provided to post-pancreatectomy cancer patients. Low energy density of this diet may obstruct proper energy intake and recovery. This study aimed to assess the effects of high-fat, high-energy ketogenic diet (KD) in these patients. Patients and Methods: After pancreatectomy, 9 patients were provided with general diet (GD) while 10 were served KD. Meal compliance, energy intake rate, meal satisfaction and presence of complications were monitored throughout hospital stay. Data on …

Background The feasibility of the use of the enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol in patients with gastric cancer remains unclear. Methods This study was a single-center, prospective randomized trial involving patients with gastric cancer undergoing curative gastrectomy. The primary end point was the length of postoperative hospital stay. Secondary end points were the postoperative complication rate, admission costs, weight loss, and amount of physical activity. Results From July 2013 to June 2015, we randomized …

Background Malnutrition is common in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, especially in elderly patients. The Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) is a widely used tool developed to detect malnutrition. The aim of this study was to compare the value of the PG-SGA and objective nutrition assessment parameters, in order to identify a better predictive index for malnutrition in elderly patients with CRC. Methods A total of 131 elderly patients (age≥ 60 years) with CRC were included and were evaluated for their individual …

Background This study aimed to evaluate the surgical outcomes of laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy (LPG) reconstructed by the double-tract method in comparison to those of laparoscopic total gastrectomy (LTG). Methods A retrospective review of the prospectively established database identified early gastric cancer patients who underwent LPG (n= 34) or LTG (n= 46) between January 2011 and December 2015. Baseline characteristics and surgical outcomes including postoperative complications, changes in body composition …

Changes in the growth hormone (GH)–insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) axis, especially acquired GH resistance, develop in many severe illnesses, including cachexia. To study changes in the GH–IGF-I axis in patients with cancer cachexia, biochemical markers and body composition parameters were measured in eighty-eight gastric cancer patients, thirty colorectal cancer patients (subclassified according to the presence or absence of cachexia) and twenty-four healthy control subjects. Fifty-nine patients were defined as cachectic …