Serum carnitine is decreased in hemodialysis patients, which induces muscle atrophy. Thus, we examined the different effects of l‐carnitine and exercise on exercise activity and muscle status in hemodialysis patients. Twenty patients were divided into l‐carnitine and cycle ergometer groups and were followed for 3 months. Muscle and fat mass, physical activities, and muscle status were evaluated by an impedance, physical function test, and magnetic resonance imaging, respectively. The l‐carnitine significantly increased muscle mass (P …

Purpose Body mass index (BMI) might be an inaccurate estimate of detailed body composition because it does not differentiate muscle from fat mass. We sought to understand the effect of kidney function decline on alterations of body composition patterns among pre-dialysis CKD patients. Methods Body composition was measured by multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Low muscle mass was defined as appendicular muscle mass (kg) adjusted to the square of height in meters< 7.0 and 5.7 kg/m …

Introduction: Body composition is critical for the evaluation of patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and can be obtained from either multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) or dual-energy absorptiometry (DXA). Although the discrepancy between the results obtained from both methods has already been described, reasons are unknown, and might be related to secondary hyperparathyroidism, which is associated with bone loss. Methods: We have evaluated 49 patients (25 males and 24 females): 20 with CKD not on …

Objectives The aim of this study is to compare the prognostic effects of visceral fat area (VFA) with coronary artery calcification score (CACs) in patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Design and Methods In the prospective study with no intervention, clinical characteristics and serum biochemical indexes at baseline for each patient were collected through the electronic medical records. Body composition assessment using bioelectrical impedance analysis, computed tomography examination with the Agatston scoring method …

Background High-output congestive heart failure secondary to high-flow arteriovenous fistula (AVF) has been reported in haemodialysis (HD) patients. As high-flow AVF (HFA) would be expected to result in fluid retention, we conducted an observational study to characterize the relationship between AVF flow (Qa) and extracellular water (ECW) in HD patients. Methods We measured Qa by ultrasound dilution in prevalent HD outpatients with an AVF in two dialysis centres. The ECW: total body water (TBW) ratio was measured both …

Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients commonly report muscle weakness and fatigue. Losing muscle mass increases mortality. Accordingly, we aimed to determine the main factors associated with loss of muscle mass and muscle weakness. Methods Anthropometric measurements were made in CKD patients attending a specialised clinic, along with hand grip strength (HGS), pinch strength (PS) and body composition (muscle mass and fat mass), using segmental bioimpedance assessment. Results We reviewed the …

Background: Serum uric acid (SUA) has been revealed to be positively associated with the body composition parameters in hemodialysis patients, but few studies have investigated that in patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD). The aim of this study was to identify the relationship between SUA and appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) and the effect of their interaction on mortality in PD patients. Methods: This was a single-center retrospective cohort study. Patients who underwent multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis …

Objective We aimed to evaluate the agreement between the resting energy expenditure (REE) obtained by indirect calorimetry and eight prediction equations in adult patients with renal transplantation and a newly developed REE prediction equation for use in patients with renal transplantation in the clinic. Methods A total of 51 patients (30 males and 21 females) were involved in the study. The REE was measured by indirect calorimetry and compared with the previous prediction equations. The agreement was assessed by the …

Background Frailty and decreased functional status are risk factors for adverse kidney transplant (KT) outcomes. Our objective was to examine the efficacy of an exercise intervention on frailty and decreased functional status in a cohort of patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods We conducted a prospective study involving 21 adults with≥ stage 4 CKD who were (a) frail or pre‐frail by Fried phenotype and/or (b) had lower extremity impairment [short physical performance battery score≤ 10]. The intervention …

Background and objectives Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) devices can help assess volume overload in patients receiving maintenance peritoneal dialysis. However, the effects of BIA on the short-term hard end points of peritoneal dialysis lack consistency. This study aimed to test whether BIA-guided fluid management could improve short-term outcomes in patients on peritoneal dialysis. Design, setting, participants, & measurements A single-center, open-labeled, randomized, controlled trial was conducted. Patients on prevalent …