Background/Aims: Advances in bioimpedance analysis (BIA) technologies now enable visceral fat area (VFA) to be assessed using this method. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical relevance and usefulness of VFA as a predictor of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and metabolic syndrome (MS), using BIA. Methods: We identified 24,791 adults who underwent voluntary routine health checkups at Yeungnam University Hospital. In total 22,480 patients were recruited into our study. Participants were divided into 3 tertiles …

Background The effect of fluid overload and variation on residual renal function (RRF) in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients is controversial. Methods Retrospective cohort study was designed. One-hundred and ninety PD patients with measured glomerular filtration rate (mGFR)≧ 3ml/min/1.73 m2 were recruit. Fluid status of every participant was assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) every 3 months for 1 year. The cohort was divided into three hydration groups, namely persistent overhydration (PO) group, intermittent …

The ratio of the volumes of extracellular water to total body water (ECW/TBW) obtained by multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (MF-BIA) indicates body water balance. However, the characteristics of ECW/TBW in hemodialysis (HD) patients have not been fully investigated yet. We evaluated correlations of ECW/TBW with body composition, circulatory and body fluid status, and nutritional status in 60 stable maintenance HD patients using MF-BIA. ECW/TBW increased with increasing age and showed significant positive correlations …

Although individuals undergoing maintenance hemodialysis are a major sarcopenic population, there are few methods to assess their skeletal muscle mass conveniently. Here, we investigated the usefulness of serum myostatin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) measurements for the evaluation of skeletal muscle mass. We examined 117 patients undergoing conventional hemodialysis. The serum myostatin level and IGF-1 level were measured once and compared to clinical parameters (especially skeletal muscle mass …

Background High-output congestive heart failure secondary to high-flow arteriovenous fistula (AVF) has been reported in haemodialysis (HD) patients. As high-flow AVF (HFA) would be expected to result in fluid retention, we conducted an observational study to characterize the relationship between AVF flow (Qa) and extracellular water (ECW) in HD patients. Methods We measured Qa by ultrasound dilution in prevalent HD outpatients with an AVF in two dialysis centres. The ECW: total body water (TBW) ratio was measured both …

Objective Protein–energy wasting is common in patients on hemodialysis and is an independent risk factor for adverse events. The aim of this study was to retrospectively investigate whether phase angle (PA), known as a nutritional marker, can predict various clinical outcomes in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) who are receiving hemodialysis. Methods Using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), PA was obtained every 6 mo, and patients were divided into two groups according to baseline PA: group A …

Metabolic syndrome (Met S) is one of the risk factors of atherosclerotic vascular diseases related to visceral fat accumulation. However, it is well known that morbidity and mortality of hemodialysis (HD) patients are associated with malnutrition and emaciation rather than obesity, representing" reverse epidemiology". The risk of visceral fat accumulation or Met S in HD patients remains unclear. Therefore, we evaluated atherosclerosis and Met S in HD patients using various markers of obesity by means of bioelectrical impedance analysis …

Introduction CA125 in peritoneal dialysis (PD) effluent dialysate has been used as a surrogate biomarker for the health of the peritoneum in PD patients. However CA125 is synthesised by epithelial cells and as such is not specific for the peritoneum, and most studies have only measured peritoneal CA125, without serum CA125 values. As such we wished to determine the factors which influenced PD effluent CA125 in a large contemporaneous cohort. Methods We measured dialysate effluent CA125 in PD patients …

Background Hemodialysis patients are at increased risk for bone fracture and sarcopenia. There is close interplay between skeletal muscle and bone. However, it is still unclear whether lower skeletal muscle mass increases the risk for bone fracture. Study Design Cross-sectional study and prospective longitudinal cohort study. Setting & Participants An independent cohort of 78 hemodialysis patients in the cross-sectional study and 3,030 prevalent patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis prospectively followed up for 4 …

Background An approach to hyponatremia in uremic patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD) necessitates the assessment of intra-cellular fluid volume (ICV) and extracellular volume (ECV). The aim of the study was to evaluate the association of plasma sodium (Na+) concentration and body fluid composition and identify the causes of hyponatremia in non-diabetic PD patients. Methods Sixty non-diabetic uremic patients on PD were enrolled. Baseline body fluid composition, biochemistry, hand-grip test, peritoneal membrane …