Results Ninety-four adult PD patients, median age 56.0 (47.3–66.6) years, 47.9% male, 37.0% diabetic were studied (Figure 1). They had a median Stoke-Davies comorbidity score of 1 (0–3). Patients were predominantly from 3 major ethnic groups: 34% Caucasoid, 31.9% South Asian and 26.6% African/Afro-Caribbean. The median PD vintage at the time of oligo-anuria was 26.9 months (10.7–60.3), and the median time between assessments was 353 (301–388) days. About half (47.8%) of patients were using 7.5% icodextrin, 75.5 …

Background/Aim: Fluid volume overload occurs in chronic kidney disease (CKD), leading to the compensatory release of natriuretic peptides. However, the elevated cardiac peptides may also be associated with malnutrition as well as volume overload. Methods: Body fluid composition was measured in 147 patients with CKD between 2009 and 2015, and its relationship to brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels was examined. Body fluid composition was separated into three components:(a) a water-free mass consisting of muscle, fat, and …

Objectives The aim of this study is to evaluate changes in body composition in accordance with residual renal function (RRF). Subjects and Methods Two hundred forty-four patients with more than 1 year of follow-up were enrolled. The mean value of RRF at peritoneal dialysis (PD) initiation and 1 year after PD initiation was used as an indicator of the time-averaged RRF (TA-RRF). The patients were divided into 3 groups with respect to the tertile of the TA-RRF level: low tertile (n= 81), middle tertile (n= 82), and high tertile (n= 81). Body …

Background This study was performed to determine the clinical relevance of limb/trunk lean mass ratio (LTLM) in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. Methods This retrospective cohort study included 534 CAPD patients. Body compositions were measured using a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry apparatus. Results In males, the sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of sarcopenia were 70.3% and 85.9%, respectively. Respective values in females were 62.3% and 83.8%. The initial low LTLM …

Objectives The aim of this study is to compare the prognostic effects of visceral fat area (VFA) with coronary artery calcification score (CACs) in patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Design and Methods In the prospective study with no intervention, clinical characteristics and serum biochemical indexes at baseline for each patient were collected through the electronic medical records. Body composition assessment using bioelectrical impedance analysis, computed tomography examination with the Agatston scoring method …

Background and Aims Patients treated by peritoneal dialysis, especially those using automatic cyclers, are frequently found to be hypervolemic. To determine whether there are significant differences between the currently available modalities of peritoneal dialysis, we analyzed whether differences in transporter status and treatment modality had a discernible effect on extracellular fluid volumes as measured by multi-frequency bioimpedance. Methods Two hundred prevalent peritoneal dialysis patients, 48% male, mean age 54.9 yr …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients experience augmented blood pressure (BP) reactivity during exercise that is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality. Exaggerated exercise pressor responses in CKD are in part mediated by augmented sympathetic nerve activation due to heightened muscle mechanoreflex. One mechanism that may lead to sensitization of the muscle mechanoreflex in CKD is metabolic acidosis. We hypothesized that CKD patients with low serum [bicarbonate] would exhibit …

Background/Aims: Intradialytic hypotension is the most common complication of modern day haemodialysis (HD). Convective modalities, including haemodiafiltration (HDF) are reported to result in greater cardiovascular stability compared to standard HD, which has been suggested to be due to improved solute transport between compartments. We therefore investigated the effect of treatment on body water by bioimpedance. Methods: We measured the change in extracellular water (ECW) and intracellular water (ICW) in 263 outpatients …

Background Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is characterized by gain in fat mass. Visceral fat mass is associated with metabolic syndrome and atherosclerosis rather than subcutaneous fat mass. In addition, the change in visceral fat mass is a more reliable predictor of survival in PD patients. In this study, we prospectively examined serial changes in fat composition and nutritional status and analyzed factors associated with gain in fat mass in patients undergoing PD. Methods Body composition was assessed by bioelectric impedance …

Background This study compared nutritional parameters in hemodialysis (HD) subjects and controls using bioimpedance analysis (BIA) and investigated how BIA components changed before and after HD. Methods This cross-sectional study included 147 subjects on maintenance HD from two hospitals and 298 propensity score-matched controls from one healthcare center. BIA was performed pre-and post-HD at mid-week dialysis sessions. Results Extracellular water/total body water (ECW/TBW) and waist-hip ratio were higher in …